(2026). Forged by agonizing struggles: A sixteenth-century theological framework for traumatic stress and posttraumatic growth.

An interdisciplinary dialogue between Reformer Martin Luther's Anfechtung paradigm and modern posttraumatic growth theory, with implications for counselors, clergy, educators, caregivers, and chaplains.

(2025). A qualitative exploration of personal traumas, coping, and perceived posttraumatic growth among Lutheran Church Missouri Synod pastors in the United States. Journal of the American Academy of Experts in Traumatic Stress, 11(Winter-Spring), 134-153.

Report on Phase Two of a two-part nationwide empirical study, which examines how personal trauma among Lutheran clergy catalyzes experiential theological knowledge, deepens faith, and shapes pastoral formation and practice.

[pdf available on request (click here)]

(2023). An exploratory study of personal agonizing struggles, coping and religious coping, and perceived posttraumatic growth among Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod pastors in the United States. Proquest Dissertations & Theses (30485356).

Ph.D. Dissertation, Biola University, Talbot School of Theology.

(2018). The pedagogy of faith. Christian Education Journal, 15(3), 512-514.

Review of the book The Pedagogy of Faith: Essays on Lutheran Education, by B. Bull, Ed.